In This Topic
Cramer's v2
Formula
Notation
| Term | Description |
|---|---|
| χ2 | Pearson chi-square statistic |
| r | number of rows |
| c | number of columns |
| n++ | total number of observations |
Kappa statistic
Kappa measures the level of agreement between two raters that assign units to a set of categories. A kappa value of 1 corresponds to perfect agreement. A kappa value of 0 reflects no better agreement than would be expected by chance.
Formula
Notation
| Term | Description |
|---|---|
| ni+ | number of observations in the ith row |
| n+i | number of observations in the ith column |
| nii | observation in the cell corresponding to the ith row and ith column |
| n++ | total number of observations |
Lambda
Goodman-Kruskal lambda is a measure of association for cross tabulations of nominal-level variables. Lambda measures the improvement in predictability of the dependent variable (column or row variable) given the value of other variables (row or column variable). Misclassification probabilities are calculated based on assignment to the category with the greatest probability.
Formula
Lambda with Y (column variable) as the dependent variable:
Lambda with X (row variable) as the dependent variable:
Notation
| Term | Description |
|---|---|
| c | number of columns |
| r | number of rows |
| ni+ | number of observations in the ith row |
| n+j | number of observations in the jth column |
| nij | observations in the cell corresponding to ith row and jth column |
| n++ | total number of observations |
Tau
Goodman-Kruskal tau is a measure of association for cross tabulations of nominal-level variables. Tau measures the improvement in predictability of the dependent variable (column or row variable) given the value of other variables (row or column variable).The misclassification probabilities are calculated based on random category assignment with probabilities given by marginal or conditional proportions.
Formula
Tau with Y (column variable) as the dependent variable:
Tau with X (row variable) as the dependent variable:
Notation
| Term | Description |
|---|---|
| ni+ | number of observations in the ith row |
| n+i | number of observations in the jth column |
| nij | observations in the cell corresponding to the ith row and jth column |
| n++ | total number of observations |
